Juneteenth National Independence Day

Today is Juneteenth. 

Juneteenth National Independence Day is the newest Federal holiday but has been celebrated across the country for almost 160 years.  The holiday is also called Jubilee Day, Emancipation Day, Freedom Day, and Black Independence Day. The date commemorates the emancipation of the last enslaved people in Southern states that formed the Confederacy during the American Civil War; while the Emancipation Proclamation was issued on January 1, 1863, its purpose was not enacted in many Confederate States until the Union forces arrived.  On June 19, 1865, a group of Union soldiers arriving in Galveston, Texas shared the proclamation with enslaved Black Americans there.  While the Emancipation Proclamation was powerful in undoing the evil of slavery in the former Confederacy, it did not address the Union Border states of Delaware and Kentucky where slavery was legal; slavery was finally outlawed in the entire United States by the 13th Amendment to the United States Constitution in December 1865, when it was certified by the Secretary of State that three-fourths of the states had ratified it.

There are a few symbols associated with Juneteenth. These include an official flag that is red, white, and blue like the American Flag; the flag has a red and blue stripes which come together at the middle of the flag in an arc symbolizing the horizon.  At the center of the flag is a white five-point star within a white burst: the star acknowledges the holiday’s origin in the state of Texas as well as the freedom of Black Americans across the country and the burst is a different newer star indicating a new beginning. The final detail is the date of June 19, 1865.
 
There are other images associated with the holiday including upraised fists and fists with broken chains attached to them.
Juneteenth celebrations are varied, and many communities celebrate African American culture through music, art, dance, sport, and food.
To learn more about Juneteenth, please visit the Nation Museum of African American History & Culture: nmaahc.si.edu/.../historical-legacy-juneteenth